Can cats also get diabetes? Diagnosis and treatment of cat diabetes! Cat diabetes refers to a nutritional metabolic syndrome caused by insulin secretion defects or impaired biological effects, or both. The clinical symptoms of this disease are three more, one less and one more high, namely, drinking more, eating more, urine more, weight loss and blood sugar increase. Clinically, the incidence rate of feline animals is not high, but with the increase in the number of pet cats in recent years and the increase in pet snacks, the number of obese cats has increased, and the incidence of diabetes has also increased. This article will share with you the diagnosis and treatment of cat diabetes.
1. The incidence of the disease
Brown pear blossom (detailed introduction) Cat, ten years old, female cat, weighs nine kilograms. The pet owner found that the cat had a loss of appetite and was in a state of depression in recent days. The cat's appetite increased, urine volume increased, the urine smelled rotten apples, and its weight had been significantly reduced. It is currently only 5 kilograms, so he was taken to our hospital for treatment. Clinical general examination was conducted and found that the cat was listless, drowsy, was thin and mildly dehydrated. The abdominal circumference is significantly enlarged, the abdomen is fluctuating, the abdominal wall is tense, and the pain is constantly wailing during palpation.
Cats also get diabetes. What are the symptoms? How to prevent it?
2. Laboratory examination
1. Blood routine examination
The results of blood routine examination are as follows:
Table 1 Blood routine examination
value
Units
Units
37.5
109/L
Redocytes
16.5
1012/L
Netrophils
18.5
109/L
monocytes
5.5
109/L
From the table, it can be seen that all the values are higher than normal.
2. The serum biochemical examination
blood biochemical examination analysis results are as follows:
Table 2 Blood biochemical examination
Items
numerical values
unit
g/L
25
mmol /L
trigorcet
5.5
mmol /L
total cholesterol
11
mmol /L
g/L
albumin
29
g/L
white ball ratio
0.58
{results: Glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, globulin is all increased compared with the normal reference value; albumin is lower than the normal value, and A/G is lower.
3. Urine examination
Use analysis was performed using Mindray urine analyzer. The analysis results are as follows: The specific gravity of the urine is less than 1.00, the urine pH is 6.1, the grape is less than 1300 U/L, the urine ketone body is less than 85 mg/dL, and the urine occult blood and white blood cells are positive. , stable results were obtained by continuous urine analysis and examination of morning urine twice, and both urine sugar and ketone body tests were positive.
4. Imaging examination
An abdominal lateral examination was performed using an X-ray machine. The results were: the uterine horns of the abdomen were enlarged and the gray shadow was filled with liquid.
5. B ultrasound imaging examination
A B ultrasound machine was used for abdominal examination, and the results were: the uterine horns in the abdomen were swollen, the uterine wall was thickened, and there was a liquid black shadow.
3. Clinical diagnosis
Inquiry, the cat was found to be obese before the onset and often consumed meat and fish with high fat. According to general clinical symptoms and general clinical physical examinations, the disease can be preliminarily diagnosed as diabetes and uterine pus. Combined with the results of urine analysis and serum biochemical examination, the cat can be diagnosed with diabetes. The serum globulin and albumin are lower than normal, and the possibility of concurrent diseases can be considered. The blood routine examination showed that the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and neutrophils were higher than normal. Combined with the results of X-ray imaging and B-ultrasound examination, the disease was diagnosed as diabetes and uterine pus accumulation.
4. Treatment
According to the examination of this cat, the treatment plan is to use insulin to lower blood sugar, use lipid-lowering drugs to lower blood lipids, and infusions to correct water electrolytes and acid-base balance disorders, combining symptomatic therapy and dietary therapy. After recovery, uterine and ovariectomy were performed under conditions permitted for examination results.
1. Insulin combined with hypoglycemic drugs for treatment
Use artificial synthetic long-acting insulin for injecting 8U subcutaneously half an hour before feeding in the morning and evening, and take 1.6 mg of Yuxia orally after meals once a day; Lipingzhi, take orally twice a day. Adjust the insulin dosage in the morning and evening according to the basal blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar level. The blood sugar value is measured regularly, and the proportion of morning and evening dosage is adjusted according to the relative height of blood sugar value after morning and dinner until the blood sugar fluctuations are controlled within the normal range.
Figure 4 Insulin can lower blood sugar
2, daily feeding management
feed Royal Diabetes prescription cat food regularly and regularly, control the total water consumption, and adopt a small amount of water consumption multiple times. It is not adjusted to daily eating habits until the blood sugar returns to the normal range.
3. Symptomatic therapy and control of secondary infections
intravenous infusion of Ringer's Lactate and saline. Since polyuria and ketoacidosis are prone to hypokalemia, the potassium chloride solution should be supplemented in appropriate amounts during intravenous infusion according to the amount of urine of the animal and the results of ketone body examination, and antibiotics such as ceftriaxone should be given to control infection.
4. Uterine and Ovariectomy
After a period of treatment, the cat's physical condition gradually recovered and the uterus and ovariectomy was performed under the conditions of surgery. Use a supine Baoding and a respiratory anesthesia machine to perform general anesthesia. The abdominal cavity is opened routinely, the uterus is found, the mesovary ovarian ligation, the broad ligament of the uterus is isolated, the uterine body is ligated and removed, and the abdominal wall incision is routinely closed.. After the operation, use antibiotics systemically for 7 days, give painkillers and put on the neck collar.
V. Discussion and Summary
1. Obesity is the cause of diabetes. The increase in blood sugar concentration caused by diabetes stimulates the hypothalamic feeding center and causes an increase in appetite, which also increases plasma osmotic pressure and enhances vascular permeability, causing positive clinical urinary sugar tests; at the same time, due to the decline in the decomposition ability of glucose, the body cannot use enough glucose as energy, which increases relative energy consumption, and increases the water taken away by glucose through urine, which eventually leads to an increase in the body's appetite, weight loss, and immunity also decreases. The secretion of hormones in the uterine wall mucosa is abnormal, which acts on the damage to the uterine wall mucosa, secondary bacterial infection, and causes uterine serous exudation inflammation. As more and more effusions accumulate, cat diabetes and uterine pus are present.
2. When treating cats with diabetes, you must pay attention to the dosage of insulin. If the dosage is too much, it will cause iatrogenic hypoglycemia. The dosage of insulin should be injected based on the blood sugar measured every day, and the injection time should be fixed about half an hour before feeding. Toxins in the uterus of the uterus that are complicated by uterine pus are absorbed into the body, causing sepsis death. Therefore, while treating diabetes, the lesions of uterine puman are controlled, and secondary infections are controlled with antibiotics throughout the body.
3. The treatment of diabetes should pay great attention to the treatment of complications, and once symptoms similar to diabetes are found, they should be treated as early as possible to avoid delaying the best time for treatment.